Analysis Of The Relationship Between Foreign Fiber And Cotton Yarn Quality

The control method of foreign fibers in cotton, cotton yarn and cotton cloth is based on the actual production needs of spinning mills to determine the types of cotton procurement and the origin of purchase. It is an important factor to ensure the quality control of cotton foreign fibers and the quality control of cotton fiber. It is stated that cotton procurement and transportation, storage and processing methods of cotton and cotton from different origins must be strictly controlled according to the standard of single fiber control. Similarly, the number of foreign fibers in cotton and cotton fabrics must be strictly controlled according to the standards. It shows that only using machine to pick cotton and picking cotton foreign fibers is the most effective way to reduce the number of foreign fibers in cotton and cotton fabrics. Abstract: After describing the harmfulness of foreign fibers in cotton, cotton yarns and fabrics, the sources of foreign fibers in cotton were analyzed and put forward.

　　对于棉花中的异性纤维这概念来说，一直以来有许多不同的说法和称谓，一般比较通俗的叫法把棉花中的异性纤维称三丝，也有的叫法把异性纤维称棕毛，如果从棉花纤维的颜色、种类来称谓,应该将棉花中除本白色外其它颜色的棉纤维和不同于棉纤维种类的纤维、杂物统称为异性纤维，这中间棉花的叶片、杂质、棉杆等一类的杂物不称为异性纤维类物质，常见的棉花中的异性纤维主要是各类动物毛、人造纤维、麻纤维、塑料编织物等，它们将严重影响棉纱的质量、针织物、机织物的布面质量，尤其对于白布类织物对棉纱的异性纤维最敏感，棉纱中的异性纤维来源有多方面的因素，一方面异性纤维最主要是棉花的采摘、加工，单从棉花中的异性纤维来说有90%是棉花在采摘过程中造成的，主要是从事采摘棉花的人员没有佩带要求的衣帽和采用正确的籽棉储存容器 ，或者在棉花摊晒、储存的地方有鸡、鸭、鹅、牛、驴、狗等动物出入，或者是棉花籽棉在运输的过程中采用带易脱毛的容器盛装；另外方面棉纱中异性纤维产生就是棉花在加工成棉纱的过程中产生的，这一方面主要是由于人们在加工过程中没有戴帽和使用一些有毛、有化学纤维、带颜色的纤维作为清洁清扫工具，还有一方面就是在织造过程中本白棉纱在加工有颜色的棉纱的机器上进行加工，这主要是由于织造厂加工有颜色的棉纱后这些机器没有彻底清洁就进行本白棉纱的生产而造成的，当然棉纱中异性纤维的形成还有一些其他方面的原因，但是这些其他方面形成棉纱中的异性纤维的原因并不十分重要，从目前的织造超对棉纱质量方面的投诉来看，棉纱中异性纤维对织物的影响的投诉是最多的，特别是在织造厂进行本白布类的生产就对棉纱的异性纤维反应就更明显 On the other hand, the flower picking management and quality consciousness of the florist are the manual selection of foreign fibers for cotton, and the use of the electronic clearer with the shear fibers to reduce the foreign fibers in the cotton yarns. These methods can not eliminate the irregular fibers in the cotton yarns. Therefore, the control of the foreign fibers in the cotton yarns must adopt effective methods to control the foreign fibers of cotton yarns. Otherwise, the heterosexual fibers in the cotton yarns are difficult to control, and sometimes the control effect in the process of controlling the foreign fibers of cotton yarns is not a good idea. Therefore, it is very important to adopt the correct method to control the generation of foreign fibers in cotton yarns. Therefore, the method of removing foreign fibers in cotton yarns is to strengthen cotton picking and processing management and strengthen cotton picking.

It is necessary to have a detailed understanding of the origin of cotton, and more importantly, to have a detailed understanding of the quality of the cotton picked by the opponent, and to further understand the methods and measures to prevent the foreign fibers from being processed in the cotton yarn processing process. Of course, it is important to know the control standard of the number of foreign fibers in the cotton after picking and the control standard of the amount of foreign fibers in the fabric. It is useful to know the quantity of each foreign batch of cotton heterosexual fibers before picking the cotton, especially when picking the cotton. It also can effectively control the weight standard of cotton picking, the quality standard of the picking and the quality standard of the picking, and it has a positive effect on the control of the foreign fibers in the spinning process. To understand the harm of foreign fibers in cotton to the quality of cotton yarn and the quality of fabrics, we must have a comprehensive understanding of cotton picking, transportation and processing. 对棉纱中异性纤维的控制和减少除了对棉花的采摘、运输、加工、手拣棉花外，在棉纱加工过程中对于纺纱通道的清洁清扫工具必需采用本白色的棉织品制作也是十分重要的，纺纱设备中采用一些清除异性纤维的设备对棉花中带来的异性纤维的清除是有积极作用的，清花过程中的采用异性纤维排除器对棉花中一定面积一定大小的异性纤维是有清除作用的，纺纱过程中的剪异性纤维的电子清纱器对棉纱中的异性纤维是用特别的控制作用的，除了一些特别小特别细的异性纤维和一些较浅颜色的异性纤维之外，具有剪异性纤维功能的电子清纱器是可以大量对其他的异性纤维进行剪切的，但是由于异性纤维的大量被剪切这就很容易降低纺纱络筒机的生产效率，对于棉纱中异性纤维较多的情况下异性纤维剪切的电子清纱器的参数设置必须根据棉纱质量对异性纤维的要求的实际 Consider the situation.

1. The content of foreign fibers in different countries and regions is quite different.

　　全世界生产棉花的国家很多，中国生产棉花的地方也很多，这些棉花由于采摘方式、加工方式的不同，棉花中所含有的异性纤维数量也是不同的，而且不同国家、不同产地、不同轧花厂的棉花的包装、运输形式也不相同，这也将严重影响棉花中的异性纤维数量和在纺纱之前对棉花异性纤维的清除，对于棉花中异性纤维的有无来说，所有棉花中都会因为采摘、加工、运输、包装的因素影响都会或多或少的有一些异性纤维的存在，只是有的棉花在加工后不需要人工手拣就可以进行有效的纺纱而且棉纱中的异性纤维数量还相当的少，有的棉花纺纱后棉纱中的异性纤维数量就相当多，这就使不同国家、不同产地、不同轧花厂对棉花中异性纤维数量的多少对纺纱的危害理解不同的棉纱异性纤维数量的结果，对于异性纤维要求特少、较少的棉纱而言在纺纱之前必须要求棉花 The number of foreign fibers or the origin of cotton used in spinning is not realistic.

1. analysis of the number of foreign fibers in the United States, Australia and Uzbekistan

　　美国、澳大利亚、乌兹别克斯坦不仅是世界上的产棉花大国，同时也是棉花出口大国，对于中国这样一个棉花进口大国来说，不仅要关心这些国家棉花的内在质量，而且还要注意这些国家棉花的外观质量和棉花的异性纤维含量，当然由于棉花的品种、种植环境、气候环境、采摘方式、加工形式的影响棉花的内在质量总是存在一些差异，而且不同批次棉花的质量总是会存在差异的，但是这些国家生产加工出来的棉花在异性纤维的数量控制方面是较好的，异性纤维在棉花中的含量平均每250公斤一包都在10根以内，在纺纱之前是不需要进行手拣的，特别是美国棉花和澳大利亚棉花在异性纤维的控制是特别好的，乌兹别克斯坦的棉花异性纤维的含量相对于美国棉花、澳大利亚棉花稍偏多，但是由于这些国家的棉花生产商特别是美国、澳大利亚的棉花供应商为了降低棉花 Production costs and the use of sackcloth packaging cotton and plastic cloth packaging cotton, resulting in cotton for long-distance transportation and multiple loading and unloading friction, it is easy to form some hemp and fibril on the surface of cotton on the surface of cotton bags and become heterosexual fibers, so for the United States cotton and Australian cotton, cotton packaging should be applied to cotton packaging in Uzbekistan to further reduce the surface of foreign fibers on cotton.

2. analysis of abnormal fibers of cotton in Africa, America and Asia

　　美洲除美国外其他国家的棉花都是采用手工采摘的棉花，棉花的加工与非洲、亚洲的加工方法几乎没有什么区别，这就造成了美洲的巴西、秘鲁的棉花存在一定量的异性纤维，平均每包棉花的异性纤维数量大约在50-300根内，这些美洲棉花在纺纱前也必须进行手拣后才能大量进行纺纱使用；非洲棉花由于非洲许多国家正是处于发展中的国家，棉花籽棉的采摘、运输、加工相对比较落后、简陋，人们对棉花采摘、运输、摊晒环境和盛装棉花的容器极为不重视，特别容易造成棉花中含有大量的异性纤维，据不完全统计非洲棉花每包中异性纤维的数量最高有时达到800根／包，一般都在50-500根／包之间，所以非洲棉花的质量最大的缺点就是存在较多的异性纤维的，在采用非洲棉花进行纺纱之前必须对非洲棉花进行异性纤维的手拣工作取出绝大多数异性纤维后才有利于棉纱 The decrease of the number of foreign fibers in the middle of China makes the quality of cotton yarn effectively improved. In addition to Uzbekistan cotton, other countries such as India, Pakistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz and tokemstan and other countries all have more or less foreign fibers. Moreover, there are a lot of foreign fibers in some countries, some producing areas and some cotton ginning plants. Especially because of the wide distribution of cotton fibers in China, the number of foreign fibers in cotton is also larger. The average number of foreign fibers in Asian cotton is about 50-500 packets per packet, which requires that cotton must be picked strictly before spinning to ensure that the amount of foreign fibers is less.

3. analysis of the number of foreign fibers in China's cotton

　　中国是世界上最大的棉花生产国，棉花种植面积分布较广，90%的棉花产量来自于中国的北方，而且其中有35%-40%的棉花产于中国的新疆，北方其于45%-50%的棉花产量依次是山东省、河南省、河北省，其他北方省份的棉花产量较少大约只有5%-10%左右，当然在中国的南方长江流域湖北省、江苏省、湖南省也有大量的棉花生产，中国棉花目前状况下的异性纤维含量因为种植区域不同也存在较大的差异，除新疆建设兵团生产的棉花异性纤维数量较少外，棉花中大约异性纤维的含量在30根／包以内，长江流域、黄河流域、淮河流域以及中国的其他省份和地区的棉花异性纤维含量都较高，大约异性纤维数量在50-1000根／包含量不等，最可怕的是棉花中的长短不一动物毛发和一些单根的有色纤维、化学纤维，引起这些异性纤维数量较多的最为关键的是我国棉花的集约化采摘、加工 生产状况较低，分散种植棉花的农户太多，同时棉花收购机构又缺乏对它们的统一管理和对他们很少将异性纤维在棉花加工、纺纱、织布、染色中危害性的知识进行宣传、教育，虽然目前在我国也有少量的机器采摘棉花出现，但是由于我国采摘棉花的机器相对较为粗造和加工工艺不合理而使棉花的内在质量下降严重，即是棉花的异性纤维的到了控制但是由于棉花的内在质量较差而不受纺织厂欢迎，所以在中国棉花采摘、加工过程中要减少棉花中的异性纤维数量，首先就必须加大对棉花采摘、加工过程中人们对异形纤维的重视、控制力度、宣传力度，其次是对棉花的种植、采摘、运输、籽棉容器、加工实行集约化管理，只有这样采取严格的控制才有利于我国棉花中异性纤维数量的大量减少。

Two. Control methods and pros and cons of cotton foreign fibers in spinning process

Some machines pick cotton and Xinjiang construction corps cotton, which requires spinning mills to manually select foreign fibers in cotton before they are put into use, or to use some instruments that are conducive to removing foreign fibers in cotton to reduce the foreign fibers in cotton. This prevents the effect of foreign fibers in cotton compared with the results of cotton picking and cotton production and closed operation. The ability to eliminate foreign fibers is much poorer. That is to say, excluding foreign fibers in cotton is the most beneficial way to remove cotton seeds before processing. There are many common ways to deal with the number of foreign fibers in cotton, but they all have more or less shortcomings, which need continuous improvement and improvement. Because there are many sources of cotton resources and the basic requirements of cotton factories for cotton quality, textile mills can not use American cotton, Australian cotton and Uzbekistan for 100% long time in the whole year.

1. the advantages and disadvantages of artificial selection of foreign fibers in cotton

　　人工挑拣棉花中异性纤维是利用大量的人员对棉花中存在的异性纤维数量进行排除，在这一过程中棉纺厂一方面投入的人员较多，而且对于棉花异性纤维的挑拣要占用大量的空间，另一方面从事棉花异形纤维的挑拣是将棉花中的异性纤维从棉絮中分离出来，由于一些颜色较浅的异性纤维在棉絮中的隐蔽性较强，要将棉花中的异性纤维数量90%以上的清除都是不现实的，特别是对于棉花中的一些长度较短的异性纤维人工挑拣后几乎是不可能达到50%以上的对异性纤维清除效果的，所以人工挑拣棉花中异形纤维数量的方法是对于棉花中的单根较长异性纤维和大片、大块非棉花的异性纤维而言的，作为人工已经挑拣异性纤维后的棉花，如果棉花中的异性纤维含量减少到小于30根／100公斤，这样人工挑拣后的棉花将会满足后工序纺纱的质量对异性纤维要求和织布、漂白、染 The number of foreign fibers in the middle is less than 30 / 100 kilograms. This kind of cotton can not be artificially picked when spinning. In addition, manual selection of foreign fibers for cotton is necessary. There must be a strict check on the cotton picked after manual selection. The effective inspection system of quality inspectors and the effective management system of artificial selection of foreign fibers exist. Otherwise, the quantity of foreign fibers will still exist in large quantities. Therefore, according to the actual situation of each spinning mill, the requirements for the foreign fibers in cotton yarn and the requirements for the number of foreign fibers in the cotton yarn quality of the weaving factories and dyeing and finishing factories in the later stages are very significant. The quality of color is required for foreign fibers if cotton.

2. advantages and disadvantages of using foreign fiber remover in blowing carding process

　　许多纺织厂为了减少在纺纱的第一道工序拣棉花异性纤维的用工量，就在清梳联工序采用异性纤维清除器来清楚棉花中的异性纤维数量，目的也是为了降低棉纱中异性纤维的数量和减少纺纱厂的用工数量，由于清梳联工序所用的异性纤维清除器是采用光反射或激光扫描原理，对于棉花中异性纤维的辨别主要是颜色较深的异性纤维而且棉花中异性纤维必须是具备一定体积或大小才有可能被清除，在纺纱过程中如果棉花的颜色偏黄或颜色较深，异性纤维清除器就会将一些不是异性纤维的棉花清除，对于棉花中的一些棉籽壳、棉秆、棉叶也很容易被异性纤维清除器当作异性纤维而被清除，也就是说清梳联的异性纤维清除器只能清除棉花中一定面积、一定大小的异性纤维，而对于棉花中的单根异性纤维几乎是不可能清楚的，作为棉花中颜色较浅的异性纤维采用异性纤维 Heterosexual fibers, which means that the elimination of foreign fibers in cotton by heterosexual fiber remover is for cotton with stronger light than foreign fibers. The production practice tells us that the effect of eliminating foreign fibers by foreign fiber remover is 5-10 times worse than that of using artificial selection of foreign fibers. Generally speaking, the use of foreign fiber remover in the process of blowing carding is for the quantity of foreign fibers in cotton and the size of these heterosexual fibers has a certain volume or area. Only in this way, the scavenging effect of heterosexual fiber remover will receive some effect. It is impossible to eliminate foreign fibers in cotton by using foreign fiber remover to remove foreign fibers from cotton. Scavengers can only eliminate this category in very small part.

3. the advantages and disadvantages of using electronic clearer to eliminate the number of foreign fibers in the winding process

　　采用络筒机的电子清纱器来清除棉纱中的异性纤维，它可以在一定程度上对棉纱中的绝大部分异性纤维清除，同样电子清纱器的设计原理是采用光反射来查找异性纤维数量并对棉纱中的异性纤维进行有效清除，由于棉纱中的异性纤维的颜色种类较多而产生的对光波的覆盖面积范围较宽，这就要求电子清纱器必须是设计的探测光波能够反射到全部的异性纤维产生的光波范围之类，实际上这种设计是不可能的，电子清纱器的设计也只会考虑到部分区域的光波存在，还是与棉纱颜色接近的光波群几乎是不可能实现的，也就是说棉纱存在的一些较浅颜色如橙色、浅黄色、浅绿色、浅红色类的异性纤维电子清纱器也是无法大面积清除的，电子清纱器清除异性纤维最大的优点就是能够将一定长度、一定大小的单根异性纤维从棉纱中大量的排除，它所针对的异性纤维主要是颜 色较深的而言的；电子清纱器如果设置采用较为严格的清纱参数，棉纱中85%以上的异性纤维都会被清除，但是电子清纱器的清纱参数如果设置过为严格就将会严重影响络筒机的生产效率，也就是说络筒机电子清纱器最后对棉纱的异性纤维数量进行减少也是有一定的限度的，绝对不能完全依靠电子清纱器来完成对棉花中带来的异性纤维和纺纱过程中产生的异性纤维进行彻底清除，电子清纱器来完成对棉纱中异性纤维的清除主要是限于异性纤维的长度大于0.5CM以上而且含异性纤维部分棉纱的直径要比正常棉纱的直径大10%以上，否则电子清纱器的效果是很能体现出来的，另外由于电子清纱器对于空气的温湿度极为敏感，要保持电子清纱器的清除功能在最佳状态就必须使电子清纱器处于一个稳定的温湿度范围的状态内。

　　所以上述三种清除棉花、棉纱中异性纤维的方法在实际生产过程中都在大量运用，从严细管理、提高质量的角度来看，人工挑拣棉花中的异性纤维的效果是最为有效的，因为人的眼光能够将所有的异性纤维都能够辨别出来和挑拣出来，而且对于棉花中存在的异性纤维减少的数量是最多的，从织物的面料质量分析也说明了采用人工挑拣异性纤维的效果是最为有效的，其次使电子清纱器对棉纱中的异性纤维的排除能力较大，可以将深颜色的一定面积、一定长度的单根异性纤维大量清除，而作为清梳联工序的异性纤维清除器的效果除了能够清楚一定面积的大块异性纤维外其他是没有什么更为细致的对异性纤维的排除功能了，相对来说在清梳联工序采用异性纤维清除器对棉花的异性纤维的清除效果是最差的。

Three, cotton and cotton yarn requirements for the number of foreign fibers

The strict assessment standard of cotton yarn quality, many spinning mill customers in the procurement of cotton to see the origin of cotton, to understand the amount of cotton foreign fiber in the number of cases, and as a weaving weaving factory in the cotton yarn procurement, first of all, the cotton production area of the spinning factory, whether the use of manual selection of cotton flower foreign fiber analysis and understanding, so as to be consistent with the procurement of cotton yarn quality important conditions, so the production of spinning mills, weaving factories to cotton, cotton yarn quantity requirements of foreign fibers, which can also to a certain extent make the cotton planting and processing farms and units attach importance to the harm of foreign fibers, reduce the number of foreign fibers in cotton. With the improvement of spinning quality, the requirements of cotton yarn quality are no longer satisfied with the yarn evenness, details, knots, neps and strength of cotton yarns. In recent years, the content of foreign fibers in cotton yarns has been taken as an example.

1. cotton requirements for foreign fiber quantity (root / 100 kg)

　　 If the number of foreign fibers in the cotton is within the scope of the above requirements, the cotton produced by machine picking and the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps can be directly put into production and use. For this type of cotton, it is better to use the foreign fiber cleaner and the electronic yarn clearer with the shear fibers in the blowing carding process to remove the residual foreign fibers once again in the spinning process. In other countries and regions, the non machine picked cotton can not be used directly under the general requirements. It is necessary to manually select foreign fibers before spinning into the spinning.

2. cotton yarn requirements for foreign fiber quantity (root / 1 million meters)

　　 Above cotton yarn quality requirements: control of the number of foreign fibers in cotton yarn is mainly to control animal hair, harmful fiber and colored fibers. Some plant fibers are stricter than those in this white cloth, and the requirements for bleached white cloth and dyed fabrics are relatively low. Therefore, the control requirements of foreign fibers in cotton yarns are more critical to the quality of weaving.

3. requirement of foreign fiber quantity (root / 100 yards)

　　 The above requirements indicate: from the color requirements of cotton cloth, the requirement of the foreign fiber is the most stringent requirement of the white cloth, and the complaint of the foreign fibers to the cotton yarn quality in the weaving factory is also mainly reflected on the white cloth. It is not only sensitive to animal hair and colored chemical fiber from cotton and cotton yarn, but also sensitive to some plant fibers such as linen, cottonseed skins and grass, so this is an important aspect worthy of attention in the spinning process.

Four. Conclusion

The main source of foreign fibers in cotton is cotton picking, transportation, storage and processing. The amount of foreign fibers in cotton will seriously affect the quality of cotton, the quality of spinning and the quality of fabrics.

The content of foreign fibers in different countries, regions, regions and processing methods is different. From the national and regional division, the number of foreign fibers in the United States, Australia, some Uzbekistan and Xinjiang production and Construction Corps in China is the least. From the way of picking, transporting, storing and processing cotton, the number of foreign fibers in cotton picked by machine after closed transportation, storage and processing is the least.

The way to eliminate the number of foreign fibers in cotton and cotton yarns is to remove artificial fibers from cotton, remove foreign fibers, and use the electronic clearer to remove foreign fibers. These methods have certain advantages and disadvantages in eliminating the effects of foreign fibers. Relatively speaking, the selection of foreign fibers in cotton is the most effective way to select foreign fibers in less cotton and cotton yarns.

For cotton in different producing areas and picking methods, there must be the quality control standard of cotton foreign fiber. After the same artificial conditions, the cotton should also have the control standard of the foreign fiber. The quality control of the cotton yarn is also required by the weaving quality. The control standard of the heterosexual fiber in cotton yarn will play a supporting role in the quality control of the foreign fibers. In addition, according to the quantity of different quality cotton fabrics and fabrics, the control standard of the quantity of foreign fibers in cotton yarns and fabrics needs to be established, which is the key to control the quantity of foreign fibers in spinning process, cotton picking, transportation, storage and processing.