Textile Knowledge: Safe Storage Technology For Cotton Seeds

　　 Cotton seed It's a living organism. Storage conditions The quality and quality of seeds during storage will directly affect the quality of seeds. In view of the factors that affect seed storage, the technical measures for safe storage of cotton are summarized.

　　 1. Storage of cotton seeds. Factor

1. seed moisture content. Water content is a key factor affecting seed viability and longevity. Under the same conditions, the lower the moisture content of seeds, the longer the life span.

2. humidity. Air humidity in storage environment is closely related to seed quality. When the humidity increased, the water content of seeds increased, and the activities of enzymes such as hydrolases and respiratory enzymes were vigorous.

3. temperature. Temperature is one of the main factors that affect metabolism. At low temperature, the metabolic activity level of seed cells is very low, the consumption of material and energy is small, and the aging process of cells is slow, so that the life span of seeds can be prolonged.

4. seed quality. The waxy seeds of mature cotton seeds can resist the influence of external temperature and humidity, and have good storage resistance. Seeds with poor maturity or broken seeds are not resistant to storage.

Two. Preparation before storage.

1. clean the library. (1) overhaul. It is necessary to choose a warehouse that is dry and ventilated without rewetting, and can not be flooded with fire and burglary. The doors and windows of the storehouse should be determined, and the opening and closing of the doors will be flexible and the sealing effect is intact. Cleaning up the warehouse. All impurities, rubbish and so on in the warehouse should be cleared away, and the barn should be cleaned, the walls should be repaired, and the weeds outside the warehouse should be removed. The empty warehouse was sprayed with 0.2% dichlorvos or 1% of the insecticide of DTaP, and then closed for more than 2~3 days, so as to effectively kill the insect source. After 1~2 days of ventilation after disinfection, the seeds can be put into storage to ensure personal safety.

2. select superior seeds to improve seed quality. Reduce water content. The seeds with high moisture content can not be stored in the warehouse. The moisture content of seeds must be reduced to safe water by drying or drying. The water content should not exceed 11%, and the maximum is not more than 12%. Selection of seeds. We should select mature and full seed with high seed setting rate, and remove grain, broken grain, mildew and rotten grain, pest and insect grain. 3. Ensure germination rate. The seeds need to be tested before storage to ensure that the germination rate is above 80%. Improve the cleanliness. Remove impurities, improve seed purity, so that the purity of seed storage reaches more than 99.5%.

Three. Management techniques during storage

1. reasonable stacking. Seed stacking should be based on safe and safe storage, make full use of storage capacity, prevent impurity and maintain purity, and facilitate ventilation, handling and inspection. The seeds of different varieties, grades and water contents should be piled up separately. When seed packaging is put into storage, stacking should be 0.5 meters away from the wall and 0.6 meters apart between the pallet and the pallet as the operation road and ventilation channel. Stacking height and stacking width are determined according to the degree of seed drying, but two sides of seed stacking must be kept in contact when cutting.

2. ventilation at the right time. The regulation of temperature and humidity during storage is the key to safe storage of seeds. Reasonable ventilation is used to distribute moisture and heat, which can promote gas exchange in seed stacking, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling and dispersing dampness, and improve the safety factor of seed safe storage. Ventilation must be determined according to the temperature and humidity inside and outside the warehouse. When the outside temperature and humidity are lower than the storehouse, it is the best time to ventilate. At this time, ventilation can both cool down and dehumidification, and rain, snow and fog are not suitable for ventilation. Ventilation has two ways: natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation. Generally, most of them adopt natural ventilation, and mechanical ventilation must have complete supporting facilities.

3. pest control. If cotton seeds are found before they are put into storage, they must be destroyed before they are put into storage. When seeds are stored, they should be checked in time, and insect pests should be promptly fumigated with aluminum phosphide.

4. pay attention to fire prevention. Cotton seed oil content is high, fire prevention work must attach great importance to. During storage, fire must be strictly prohibited, close to the warehouse, and flammable goods should not be placed around the warehouse. No smoking is allowed in the library, nor can lighters, matches and other items be put into storage. The power supply should be closed in time when leaving the warehouse.

　　 5. check in time. Temperature and humidity. During storage, different temperature and humidity meters should be set up in different parts of the seed heap in the warehouse. The temperature and humidity of the seeds in the upper, middle, lower, inner and outer layers should be measured regularly and fixed-point. When seeds are found to be showing signs of fever or damp, they should immediately adopt ventilation, reversing, drying and other methods to reduce temperature and humidity, so as to ensure the safe storage of seeds. (2) seed quality. During storage, samples should be regularly sampled from different parts to detect the quality of seeds, so as to keep abreast of the seed storage. The content of detection usually includes seed germination potential, germination rate, water content, seed rate and so on, and problems should be solved in time. If metamorphic seeds are found, the metamorphic parts should be thoroughly removed and cleaned and packed.